Salman Sohily. “The Contribution of the Early Abbasid Caliphs (232-132 AH) to the Development of Scholarly Disciplines”. International Invention of Scientific Journal 8, no. 03 (August 22, 2024): Page: 621–627. Accessed January 7, 2025. https://iisj.in/index.php/iisj/article/view/483.