Human Recombinant Erythropoietin in Rat Caput Femur with Steroid Exposed Increase Number of Osteocytes, Osteoblasts, BMP-2, VEGF, and Reduce Adipose Cells

Abstract

Osteonecrosis is a process of death bone which causes disturbance of the bone blood vessel. It has been considered that erythropoietin (EPO) may affect cell proliferation by stimulating angiogenesis. It also has been proved that cell proliferation during osteogenesis depends on the formation of new blood vessels. Function of EPO is to stimulate angiogenesis, indirectly, it has role in bone repair. This research is an experimental study designed using Randomized post-test control. Our sample is using Winstar rats, which were divided into 2 groups, Group P0 received intervention of dexametasone injection for 5 weeks without rHuEpo, P1 group received intervention of dexametasone injection and rHuEpo for 5 weeks. On the last day of week 5th, rat femoral heads were taken for VEGF, BMP 2, osteocyte, osteoblast and adipocyte levels testing. From immunohistochemical and histopathologic examination, results were analyzed using SPSS. Our results conclude that number of osteocyte cells in rat femoral heads which injected with dexamethasone and rHuEpo were higher than those injected with dexamethasone only, significant values (p <0.05), also number of osteoblast cells values (p <0.05). As well as expression of BMP-2 and VEGF were higher in rats with dexamethasone injected and rHuEPO had significant value (p <0.05). Meanwhile, number of adipocyte cells in rat femoral heads which dexamethasone injected and given rHuEpo was lower than those were injected with dexamethasone only (p <0.05). Administration of rHuEPO in rats which injected with dexamethasone was shown to increase the number of osteoblast, osteocyte, BMP-2 expression, VEGF and adipocyte cells were lower than in rats which injected with dexamethasone only.