Bacterial etiological agent, antibiotic susceptibility pattern and its associated factors among neonatal sepsis at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Abstract

Aim: To assess bacterial etiologic agents, antibiotics susceptibility pattern and associated factors among neonatal sepsis at Debre Markos Referral Hospital Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods: Institutional based cross sectional study was carried out at Debre Markos referral hospital during December 2016 up to August 2017 from 120 septicemia suspected neonates. Blood sample was collected and standard microbiological analysis was performed. Data were entered by Epi Data version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 22. Bivariate logistic regression model were fit to determine associated factors for neonatal sepsis. Odds ratio (95%CI) was calculated to determine the strength of associated factors for neonatal sepsis.

Results: The magnitude of bacteria was 37.5% and majority of them include S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, Coagulase negative Staphylococcus species, E.coli, Entrobacter species, Citrobacter species, S.pyogenes. Most of them were resistant to routinely prescribed antibiotics on the area such as amoxicillin (96%), ampicillin (91%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (83%), ceftriaxone (83%), gentamycin (74%) and doxycyclin (70%). Cesarean section mode of delivery, pre term gestational age and premature rapture of membrane were associated with bacterial infection.

Conclusion: The prevalence of pathogenic bacteria was too high. Most of them were resistant to common antibiotics prescribed on the area and factors such as Cesarean section mode of delivery, preterm gestational age and premature rapture of membrane were associated.