Management of Sedimentation Prevention, Sedimentation and Simulation Models of Dam Reservoir Sedimentation: A Review

Abstract

The sustainable use of natural resources is very important all over the world. Nowadays, sedimentation and accumulation of sediment in dam reservoirs is an important challenge in most countries and regions of the world. For reservoirs, the loss of storage utilization is a fundamental challenge for sustainable use. There are several management options that can stabilize the dam reservoir and improve its performance, one of which is the removal of accumulated sediments. If reservoir sedimentation is minimized and dams are allowed to remain in operational condition forever, in addition to useful storage and minimizing environmental impacts, economic and social costs will also be reduced. Selecting the appropriate sediment management strategy in each reservoir is important. That is, washing operations has advantages in effective use of river water for sediment discharge. Sediment washing in reservoirs largely depends on the efficiency of sediment washing, and the efficiency of sediment washing largely depends on the geometry of the dam reservoir, the height of sediment washing gates, the volume and size of sediment grains, and the amount of discharge during sediment washing. In general, there are two limiters for the width of the dam during dredging. If the width of the bottom of the dam is small, it will limit the sediment exit channel, and if the width of the reservoir at the top is large, it will cause sediments to remain in some parts of the reservoir and dredging to If it is not done correctly, we can also create a spiral shape before the sediments reach the reservoir or create walls before the flood enters the reservoir to cause sedimentation at predetermined points. In order to carry out effective desalination operations, it is necessary that the general movement of water and sediment occurs in the reservoir. The younger and unconsolidated the sediments are, the more direct the path of the reservoir is in line with the main stream, the smaller the size of the sediments and the steeper the slope of the main river. Sediment washing is done better.

Keywords: sedimentation, dam reservoir, sediment removal, sediment management, numerical modeling.