Effects of Breakwater Construction for Anzali Port Development Plan on Adjacent Coast Morphology

Abstract

Marine structures, such as groins, coastal walls, and detached breakwaters are built to improve and protect the coast against erosion resulting from changes in patterns of waves and currents on the coasts. Thus, marine mechanisms for hydraulic structures need serious study. Breakwaters are among the most important structures for coastal protection. The most substantial hydraulic performance of breakwaters is to control current along the coast, decrease the destructive effects of the waves, and create a safe condition for the port environment. Now, the coastline reaction to these structures is not well-determined. Nowadays, simulation and computer models are used for sediment transport patterns and coast morphology near the marine structure to alleviate the application of experimental and laboratory assessments. The purpose of this study is to examine the interaction between waves, coast, and breakwater, and to model the sedimentation and current regime model based on the mathematical MIKE 21 models and computations in the southern margin of the Caspian Sea within the breakwater area of Anzali Port’s (Bandar-e Anzal) development plan. According to conducted studies, it is found that sediment accumulation will appear after breakwater construction in the coastal area.

Keywords: Anzali, Coast, Breakwater, Morphology, Hydrodynamic